First and foremost, meditation is ‘not’ a posture, so no particular posture goes with it or is required by Meditation.
Sitting positions include Padmasana (full lotus), Ardha Padmasana (half lotus), Siddhasana or Muktasana (also called Burmese posture, sitting with the knees on the ground and the feet tucked in close to the body with one ankle in front of the other ankle), and Sukhasana or Easy Pose (any easy cross-legged position).
Other possibilities are the kneeling postures Virasana or Hero Pose (sitting between the heels) and Vajrasana or Seiza (sitting on the heels).
Another sitting posture, Baddha Konasana (Bound Angle or Cobbler's Pose), is suitable for people who can sit with the feet together and both knees on the ground; B. K. S. Iyengar states that to meditate in this position, the palms should be held in prayer position over the chest, which demands some practice for balance.
Seymour Ginsburg, describing Gurdjieff meditation, suggests that such compact positions help the meditator to "include the entire experience of ourself in our attention."